ABSTRACT Objective: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the patients’ glycemic control and adherence to self-care tasks. Materials and methods: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult (LADA) using a multiple daily injection (MDI) regimen with carbohydrate counting (n = 25, Subgroup B) or fixed insulin dose (n = 25, Subgroup C) were allocated to use the application (app) for 12 weeks. Both subgroups were compared with each other and against a control group (n = 25, Group A) comprising patients with T1DM or LADA treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in a parallel-group, open-label, clinical treatment trial. All patients had glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels measured and were asked to fill out the Diabetes Self-Management Profile (DSMP) questionnaire at study start and end. The patients were instructed to measure capillary glucose six times daily in study weeks 4, 8, and 12. Results: Mean A1C levels decreased 0.725% in Subgroup C in intragroup analysis (p = 0.0063), and had a mean variation of 0.834% compared with Group A (p = 0.003). Mean DSMP scores increased 5.77 points in Subgroup B in intragroup analysis (p = 0.0004) and increased by a mean of 6.815 points in relation to Group A (p = 0.002). Conclusion: OneTouch Reveal improved both A1C levels and DSMP scores in patients with T1DM or LADA compared with standard treatment (CSII).

Fibrose cística (FC) é a doença autossômica recessiva mais comum nos caucasianos. Avanços no tratamento da FC acarretaram aumento na sobrevida dos pacientes, que trouxe o aparecimento de comorbidades relacionadas à doença. Atualmente, o diabetes relacionado à fibrose cística (DRFC) é considerado a complicação mais comum associada à FC, podendo aparecer já na infância ou adolescência, chegando a atingir até 50% dos pacientes adultos. Em virtude da alta prevalência, das dificuldades de diagnosticar precocemente e das graves consequências para os pacientes, nos últimos anos vem crescendo a preocupação com a detecção e o tratamento precoces do DRFC. Vários grupos têm se dedicado a procurar evidências e desenvolver consensos com o objetivo de orientar o diagnóstico e o acompanhamento dessa comorbidade. Neste artigo apresentamos os principais aspectos dessa evolução, bem como as atuais recomendações no acompanhamento de pacientes com DRFC.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common recessive autosomal disease among Caucasian. Children with CF have benefitted from advances in medical and nutritional treatments, and this can be gleaned from the improvement in the survival of these patients. The increase in the survival rate brought with it the appearance of co-morbidities related to CF. Nowadays cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is considered the most common complication associated with CF. It can appear as early as infancy or adolescence, and its prevalence can be as high as 50% in adult patients. Because of its high prevalence, difficulties in early detection and the risks involved, in recent years several studies and consensuses have focused on this condition, adding information about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, prognosis and treatment of CFRD. The main aspects of these new concepts, as well as the current recommendations for its diagnosis and follow-up, will be presented in this study.

INTRODUÇÃO: As limitações intrínsecas da terapia com glicocorticoides em pacientes com hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) frequentemente determinam menor altura final. Também é frequente a associação de puberdade precoce central secundária e fusão epifisária precoce. Nessas condições, tem sido indicado o tratamento com GnRHa sozinho ou em combinação com o GH. OBJETIVOS: Este é um estudo retrospectivo que descreve os achados de altura em pacientes com HAC que apresentavam diminuição significativa na altura predita e que foram submetidos ao tratamento combinado de GH com GnRHa até a altura quase normal. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Estudamos 13 pacientes, oito do sexo feminino e cinco do sexo masculino, oito com a forma clássica e cinco com a forma não clássica da doença. O tratamento com hidrocortisona (10-20 mg/m²/dia) ou prednisolona (3-6 mg/kg/day) foi associado com GnRHa (3,75 mg/meses) por 4,0 (1,5) anos, e GH (0,05 mg/kg/dia) por 3,6 (1,4) anos. RESULTADOS: O escore de desvio-padrão da estatura para a idade óssea melhorou significativamente após o tratamento com GH, tornando-se similar à altura normal ao final do segundo ano desse tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que o tratamento de combinação com GH e GnRHa pode ser útil em um subgrupo de pacientes com HAC que apresentem redução significativa da altura final predita, associado com controle hormonal inadequado e puberdade central precoce.

INTRODUCTION: Intrinsic limitations of glucocorticoid therapy in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) determine frequent loss in final height. The association of secondary central precocious puberty and early epiphyseal fusion is also frequent. In these conditions, GnRHa treatment alone or in combination with GH has been indicated. OBJECTIVES: This is a retrospective study, describing the estatural findings of CAH patients with significant decrease in height prediction, who were submitted to combined GH plus GnRHa therapy up to near-final height. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 13 patients, eight females and five males, eight with the classical and five with the nonclassical form of the disorder. Treatment with hydrocortisone (10-20 mg/m²/day) or prednisolone (3-6 mg/kg/day) was associated with GnRHa (3.75 mg/months) for 4.0 (1.5) years, and GH (0.05 mg/kg/day) for 3.6 (1.4) years. RESULTS: Stature standard deviation score for bone age improved significantly after GH treatment, becoming similar to target height at the end of the second year of GH treatment. CONCLUSION: We conclude that combined GH plus GnRHa therapy can be useful in a subset of CAH patients with significant reduction of predicted final height associated with poor hormonal control and central precocious puberty.